dRMM

Bio

Alex de Rijke is a founding Director of dRMM, having established the practice in 1995 with Philip Marsh and Sadie Morgan. He is a design champion at dRMM, responsible for the concept, construction and delivery of our timber projects. These include such diverse projects as Sliding House, Kingsdale School, Charlton WorkStack, Tower of Love, Endless Stair, Hastings Pier, WoodBlock House and Maggie’s Oldham.

Alex conducts ongoing research into contemporary materials, technologies and methods of construction. In 2006 he wrote, ‘Timber is the new Concrete’, and introduced cross-laminated timber to the UK with groundbreaking prefabricated buildings, Kingsdale School Sports Hall in London, and the Naked House prototype exhibited in Oslo. Through Alex’s leadership, dRMM has become recognised as a pioneer and authority on engineered timber design and construction, especially CLT (cross-laminated timber).

In 2013 de Rijke, alongside AHEC and ARUP, invented the first cross-laminated timber made from a hardwood and in the form of Endless Stair demonstrated its incomparable beauty, strength and sustainability in the LDF 2013 installation at Tate Modern. In summer 2017, construction will complete on dRMM’s Maggie’s cancer care centre in Oldham. A building that demonstrates a synthesis of concept, construction and user well-being; it is made entirely from tulipwood CLT and glass. The project reveals Alex’s total design ethos in its integration of landscape, architecture, furniture and art.

Prof.de Rijke has consistently combined cutting-edge practice with education. He advocates learning through experimentation and making, and his extensive experience includes teaching, lecturing and examining at many european schools of Architecture. From 2011-2015 he was Professor of the Masters programme and Dean of Architecture at the Royal College of Art. Alex is currently an External Examiner to the Design & Make timber programme at the Architectural Association, and a Visiting Professor to the Royal College of Art, London. He lectures internationally, presenting dRMM’s work from Scandinavia and Europe to Asia and Australasia. He has given conference papers on a range of themes including: engineered timber architecture and construction; prefabricated and mobile architecture; and the relationship between architecture and health.

Under Richard Roger’s former chairmanship, Alex de Rijke was a member of the Design for London Advisory Panel, and continues to contribute to design discussions at institutions such as the RIBA, ARCAM (Architecture Centre Amsterdam) and the Milan Salone del Mobile. Alex represents dRMM and the wider profession in the media through radio, TV appearances, and features in publications such as The Plan, Architectural Review, Dezeen and The Guardian.

With a parallel passion as photographer, Alex photographs for publications and exhibitions, including the Venice Biennale 2008 and 2012, and documents dRMM’s projects on an ongoing basis.

Bio

Sadie is a Founding Director of dRMM and industry leader. Her steadfast belief in the importance of design that connects back to people and place is a central influence in our practice. Over her 20-year career Sadie has had an increasingly significant role in the advocacy of design and architecture through her professional practice and her advisory roles.

Sadie reports directly to the Secretary of State as Chair of the Independent Design Panel for High Speed Two. She is a commissioner for both the National Infrastructure Commission led by former Cabinet Minister Lord Adonis, and Lord Heseltine’s Thames Estuary 2050 Growth Commission. Sadie has been appointed as a Professor at the University of Westminster, London and was awarded an honorary doctorate from the London South Bank University in 2016.

She lectures internationally on the importance of design, architecture and infrastructure, and sits on various competition juries and advisory panels including the RIBA National Awards Advisory panel and the World Architecture Festival super jury. As a media commentator she appears on TV and radio, and writes regular columns for publications such as Building magazine and the Estates Gazette.

Sadie has won the 2016 Building Magazine Personality of the Year Award and the 2015 CBI First Woman Award in recognition of her outstanding contribution to the built environment, and she was shortlisted for the 2015 AJ Woman Architect of the Year award. She became the youngest and third ever-female President of the Architectural Association in 2013.

Aspects of Sadie’s design thinking can be found throughout dRMM’s projects, from the Stirling Prize shortlisted Trafalgar Place and Clapham Manor Primary School, to the Athlete’s Village for the London Olympic Games and Faraday House at the Battersea Power Station.

Bio

Founding Director of dRMM, Philip has been central to dRMM’s education projects. He was project architect for the remodelling of Kingsdale School, an acclaimed project that addressed student morale and education standards through the radical transformation of the learning environment. This experience was distilled into Dura, dRMM’s Exemplar School for the DfES. He was project architect for Clapham Manor Primary School, shortlisted for the 2010 Stirling Prize and in 2013 completed 4 Dwellings a 2FE Primary School for Birmingham City Council. Current projects include a new campus for Exeter Royal Academy for Deaf Education.

Philip was the architect for the Elephant & Castle Regeneration pilot, Wansey St, a mixed tenure scheme for which dRMM were awarded BD Public Housing Architect of the Year 2006. Additionally, he co-designed the recently completed sister project Harper Square, for Family Mosaic shortlisted for the NLA 2013 award for housing.

Philip has designed ArtHouse for Argent, the first private housing scheme delivered at Kings Cross Central completed 3Q 2013. He is currently working on Faraday House, phase one of Battersea Power Station, a project which has been described by David Cameron as “jewel in the crown” of regeneration projects in London.

Bio

Jonas is a dRMM Director, his role is defined by a balance of solid business management and in-depth design input. Jonas’ strengths lie in concept development. His role on projects is to champion concept integrity from genesis to completion, ensuring that dRMM’s architecture reflects the studio’s driving ethos.

On a day-to-day basis Jonas oversees projects and ensures the smooth running of the organisation, offering support to Associate architects on contracts and client interface. As an architect, Jonas specialises in marrying design concepts with innovative structures and construction techniques, with a particular focus on prefabrication and engineered timber construction. He was responsible for the design, development and delivery of the Wansey Street project, and has played key roles in the design and delivery of dRMM’s London 2012 Athletes’ Village, Harper Square, and Faraday House at Battersea Power Station.

Jonas lectures worldwide to promote dRMM’s pioneering work in cross-laminated timber. He designed one of dRMM’s most high-profile timber projects – Endless Stair – with Director Alex de Rijke. Together they developed the definitive modular design concept for the Stair, allowing the structure to be adaptable to different contexts and users.

Bio

Andy studied Architecture at the University of Brighton before completing his Masters Degree at the Royal College of Art. In Brighton, where he also worked in practice, he discovered a love for the wider design spectrum from illustration to product design. Keen to develop a multidisciplinary approach, he returned to London to finish his studies at the RCA. He is particularly interested in social and critical views toward architecture, especially his personal intrigue into social class and taste, which he explored in his masters thesis.

At dRMM Andy is currently applying his knowledge and enthusiasm towards the design of a cinema. Outside of work he enjoys emulating meals he has sampled along his travels in his own kitchen (albeit to a slightly lower standard!).

Bio

Anna completed her Msc in Architecture and Master Planning at University of Arts in Poznan. She also studied architecture at Université Catholique de Louvain in Brussels and Set Design at Central Saint Martins. She worked in Brussels for ARJM on the award-winning project for Herstal Train Station in Wallonia, and a primary school project in Flanders. Her master’s thesis was titled “A scene for Anarchitecture – Temporality of abandoned spaces in Theatre design”.

Prior to joining dRMM Anna worked on various scale refurbishment and new build commercial projects in Central London at Campbell Architects. She is currently studying her Part III at Bartlett, UCL. Anna joined dRMM in April 2016. She is part of the team working on Television Centre Plot E Drama Block scheme. Anna enjoys working in a creative environment and spends her free time at the theatre and expanding her film database.

Bio

Chloe joined dRMM in 2016 as Studio Coordinator, with previous professional experience in the Higher Education sector. Her responsibilities at dRMM are varied, and are mostly focused on the general upkeep and improvement of the studio, as well as supporting the administrative side of projects. She thrives in a busy and diverse work environment and is excited to be working in a creative and challenging atmosphere.

Chloe spends much of her spare time writing essays and short stories, many of which explore her interests in lineage and location. She is enthusiastic about learning new skills and in her free time experiments with sewing, coding, or bellringing in one of London’s many bell-towers.

Bio

Davide studied architecture at the Milano polytechnic university, developing skills on sustainable design and city analysis. During his studies he worked with different practices focusing on building renovation, sport facilities and luxury villas. He spent a year working in Copenhagen where he gained experience in urban development and public competitions. He has a keen interest in the reinterpretation of traditional architecture and the public realm.

Each summer Davide works as a skipper on a Croatian sailing boat, feeding his great appetite for travel and the sea. He is back on land now, working with the dRMM team on the design for a car park.

Bio

Héloïse is an Architect at dRMM. She studied at École Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Bretagne, which included an exchange year at Xiamen University in China. After graduating in 2011, Héloïse joined Jacques Ferrier Architecture in Paris and worked on a variety of projects including international competitions and development design for mixed use schemes. In early 2014, she transferred to their Shanghai office to work on the construction phase of the French International High School in Beijing.

During her time in Shanghai, Héloïse participated in installations and seminars which observed the daily life of the city street and its transience.

At dRMM Heloise is working on the Triangle; a new residential scheme in Newham. Out of the studio, Héloïse enjoys practicing yoga and discovering the beauty of the British coast.

Bio

James is a qualified architect at dRMM. He joined the studio in 2010 as a part 1 architectural assistant, before completing his masters at the Royal College of Art in 2013. His thesis project explored radical forms of sustainable development that questioned the rural urban divide. With dRMM, James has worked on a range of projects from preplanning through to construction and delivery. His experience includes the Athlete’s Village for the 2012 Olympics, timber Sky Health and Fitness Centre, and Stirling Prize shortlisted Trafalgar Place.

Most recently, James was part of the concept team for Wick Lane; a Hackney Wick development which sympathetically blends residential led mixed use, creative workspace and public space. He is currently the Project Architect for Charlton WorkStack in Greenwich; an imaginative solution to the growing need for creative workshops on compact sites.

Bio

Jasmin is an Associate at dRMM. Having received her degree from the Bartlett, UCL, she joined dRMM in 2004 and returned in 2008 after gaining her diploma with a project exploring the nature of risk in a Japanese insurance office. Jasmin has good experience of housing design and has been involved in the development of unit layouts through to construction for Athletes’ Village Plot N26. She has also overseen the design and construction of social tenure family townhouses for numerous infill sites in Newham.

She is currently project architect for a Maggie’s cancer caring centre in Oldham – an exciting scheme involving a raised timber structure with a curved glazed void. Jasmin also trained in graphic design at Shillington College and looks after dRMM’s brand and graphic outputs. In her spare time she makes macarons and is trying to learn Japanese.

Bio

Jonathan graduated from the École Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Nantes as an Architect D.E. He has also studied at the Politechnika Krakowska, where his research focused on the production of a new sacral heritage in Poland. Prior to dRMM, he worked at OMA Rotterdam on several significant projects, including the PEX Toulouse and the new Lab City/École Centrale of Paris. He also had the opportunity to work in Italy for 3-im, a consulting company specialising in BIM. Jonathan’s project work also includes a scheme in Qatar and the development of the new ENI HQ in Milan, designed by Morphosis Architects.

At dRMM, he is part of the Television Centre Plot E Drama Block scheme. He is also helping to steer the development of a BIM strategy for the studio. Out of the office Jonathan is an explorer of culture and cuisine.

Bio

Judith is an Associate at dRMM. She leads dRMM’s team for the BBC Television Centre masterplan, and the team for Battersea Power Station Phase 1 (RS-1B) – the latter is currently under construction. She is also project lead for 51-54 Fenchurch Street, an office development in the heart of London. Prior to joining dRMM, Judith worked for LIN Architects on projects based in France and Germany. She was responsible for the design and detailed development of the external envelope of the Cité du Design in Saint-Etienne.

Judith was project architect for Harper Square, providing 72 apartments and townhouses forming part of the Elephant and Castle Regeneration in Southwark. She also contributed to the Stratford City North project originally conceived for the London 2012 Olympic games. Judith’s strengths lie in organising and managing production activities, liaising with stakeholders and solving technical and design issues in an innovative way. Aside from her project management tasks she has a key role in the studio’s resourcing and recruitment processes.

Bio

Maxim is an Architectural Assistant at dRMM. He graduated with a Bachelor of Environmental Design and a Masters of Architecture from the University of Tasmania in Australia. His projects and research explored environmental and socially sustainable architecture. While studying, he worked with the Universities Department of Research to complete extensive investigation into the sustainable use of timber. His previous experience includes working as the primary designer for a pre-fabricated housing product concept in Tasmania’s south.

At dRMM, Maxim is working with the team to develop and refine the Triangle concept; a mixed use development at London’s Victoria Dock. While not engaged in the studio; Maxim actively explores, sketches, paints and studies architecture of the yesteryear and now.

Bio

Nazli studied architecture at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York and completed her graduate diploma at the Architectural Association in 2011. At the AA she pursued her interest in film and architecture by focusing on interactive design and the notion of the city as a stage.

Having worked in cities such as New York, Berlin and Istanbul Nazli has developed a keen interest in urban regeneration. At dRMM Nazli has worked on Harper Square and Phase 1 of the Elephant and Castle Regeneration, gaining expertise in spatial organisation and residential design standards. Currently, Nazli is a member of the team designing dRMM’s residential project at Battersea Power Station, which leads her back to ‘architectural staging’.

Bio

Patricia is an Architectural Assistant at dRMM. She studied at the University of Navarre in Spain, where she received a highly technical education and gained experience as a teaching assistant. Her academic projects explored the thin boundaries between landscape, architecture, and design. While in Spain, she interned at several studios including Flores&Prats; where she learnt the importance of the ‘hand’ in the conceptual process, and Francisco Mangado; where she learnt the significance of precision in construction.

At dRMM, Patricia is working on Becontree, a sympathetic regeneration project which combines commercial with residential mixed use. She studies space, volume and materiality in relation to the site context.

Bio

Patrick is an Associate and Architect at dRMM and has worked on a number of large-scale commercial and residential projects since joining in 2013. These include a commercial scheme on Fenchurch Street and mixed use development in East London. Patrick was a scholarship student at the Architectural Association for six years. On graduating he joined Serie Architects working on numerous projects in China, Singapore, India and Kazakhstan.

Patrick continues to teach through workshops and juries at the Architectural Association. Before architecture, Patrick gained an honours degree in Physics, which sparked a passion for precision whilst being responsive to our environment and culture. Away from the office you’ll probably find him up a mountain, skiing, climbing or running.

Bio

Raphael graduated from Ecole Nationale Superieure d’Architecture de Versailles in France and went on to complete a year’s study in Buenos Aires’ FADU. He built upon his educational experience by gaining hands-on experience on construction sites before joining dRMM Architects. This work deepened his interest in the full lifecycle of the construction process and design precision.

Prior to joining dRMM, Raphael worked in Paris at Baillon-Henrion and Bruther, focusing on the design of sport and education public facilities for competitive public sector contracts. At dRMM he was a key member on the Battersea Power Station housing project overseeing structural coordination and other interior packages, but also worked on the landmark project, Endless Stair, for the London Design Festival 2013. More recently, Raphael was involved with the practice’s residential projects of Maidenhead and East Ham, gaining more experience in residential project design.

Bio

Romain is an Architectural Assistant at dRMM. He transformed his academic journey into a tour of Europe, he began in his hometown at the University of Brussels, stopped by Rome to obtain a bachelor’s degree from La Sapienza, and finally – to enjoy the more technical side of architecture – graduated from BarcelonaTech. During the tour he worked in other countries, including France and the United States, where he was involved on various projects; from the refurbishment of mountain houses in Italy, and a stadium in the Congo, to an educational project in Switzerland.

At dRMM, Romain is working on Wick Lane; a Hackney Wick development which sympathetically blends residential led mixed use, creative workspace and public space. He is developing the building façades and their details, while also contributing to the Building Information Modeling (BIM) strategy. Outside of architecture, he reads books with pompous names about evolutionary biology and theoretical physics. One day he hopes to build a supersonic plane service that connects his three favourite cities: London, San Francisco and Tokyo.

Bio

Originally from Winnipeg, Canada, Roslyn has been based in the UK since 2010. After completing her Master’s in History of Art, Roslyn moved from Leeds to London to pursue a career in cultural management. Prior to joining dRMM, she worked in the exhibition department at Calvert 22, as a studio coordinator at Kiwi & Pom and most recently worked as an independent events manager in the arts.

At dRMM, Roslyn deals with day-to-day diary management for the directors and is responsible for all matters concerning client relations. She is passionate about London’s art and design scene and enjoys planning monthly studio outings much more than she ought to.

Bio

Sara has a passion for creating vibrant pieces of city through buildings and public spaces which actively engage a wide variety of users. She works with the dRMM team to develop and support strategies for future projects, including dRMM’s winning Wood Blocks proposal for the NLA New Ideas for Housing London.

Previously Sara worked with the EXYZT collective over eight years years, creating and managing popular large-scale installations including a trio of project on Union Street in Southwark: the Southwark Lido, the reUNION and The Lake. Whilst working with EXYZT Sara delivered projects for the Tate Modern, the Arnolfini Centre for Contemporary Arts in Bristol, the Architecture Foundation and the London Festival of Architecture.

Bio

Saskia is an Associate at dRMM and works on a number of distinctive projects, specialising in the design and delivery of Cross Laminated Timber construction. Her studies in Cologne and at the TU-Berlin have given her a strong technical background, and she has gained experience in design and construction at all scales and with listed buildings whilst working in the US, UK, Turkey, Norway and Germany.

Saskia was project architect for the RIBA Award winning scheme known as the ‘Tower of Love’ at Blackpool’s seafront and subsequently led another RIBA Award winning CLT project in East London – WoodBlock House, a studio and family home for UK artist Richard Woods. She worked on dRMM’s Rundeskogen residential towers in Norway, as well as the early stages of the Hastings Pier. She was project leader on a masterplanning project for the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead, as well as for the early stages of dRMM’s Battersea Power Station Phase 1 (RS-1B). Her current projects include a cinema for Curzon as well as a variety of mixed use projects in Newham for Helical Retail and RDV. In addition to supervising projects Saskia’s role encompasses the studio’s team development and resourcing needs.

Bio

Steve is an Associate at dRMM and has contributed to a number of large-scale mixed-use and residential projects since joining the studio in 2008. These include the ArtHouse development at King’s Cross and East Village the former Athlete’s Village of the London Olympics.

His wider experience includes education and leisure architecture, having led dRMM’s proposals for the Exeter Royal Academy for Deaf Education new Hill Barton Campus, as well as overseeing the Sky Health and Fitness Centre; a case study in sustainable building, health and wellness. Most recently, Steve was the project leader of the RIBA Stirling Prize shortlisted Trafalgar Place, the first phase of the Elephant and Castle regeneration. Steve currently oversees several of dRMM’s projects as part of the Sky Campus regeneration and contributes to various bids and feasibility studies. Alongside his practice, Steve leads dRMM’s peer review forums and presents dRMM’s projects and research externally.

After graduating from RMIT University, Steve worked for several years with prominent architecture practices in Melbourne. Outside of dRMM, Steve spends his time exploring London with Maxxi, his Miniature Dachshund.

Bio

Tamsin is the Finance Associate at dRMM.  Following over four years as our Studio Manager, and an eclectic previous administrative career in the entertainment industry, she has joined the associate team to focus on the financial side of our business.  Her remit covers all things financial – including invoicing, project finances and the general studio budget.  She also continues to oversee the administration & marketing teams.

Aside from number-crunching and spreadsheets, Tamsin loves exciting architecture, front row fringe theatre seats, and rarely travels anywhere long-distance without at least one hula hoop.

Bio

Tonia studied Architecture at the Bartlett, UCL and graduated with her Masters degree in 2014. Her diploma project questioned the relationship between space and the body in motion. Through proposing an Arts Terrain in Copenhagen’s South Harbour, she explored how specific ways of movement produce unique spatial experiences and become productive design tools.

Tonia joined dRMM in summer 2014, keen to pursue her academic interests further, and has worked on projects such as 51-54 Fenchurch Street and Brill Place. She is currently studying for her Part III at Westminster University. In her free time Tonia jet-sets between Russia and USA. When in London she focuses on polishing her domestic skills – baking yummy goods, cooking up veggie delights, and tie-dying tote bags.

Bio

Before joining dRMM in 2012, Viola completed her MSc in Architecture in Milan and participated in international workshops as a teaching assistant. Her Italian education strongly influenced her “forma mentis” and sensibility towards ‘context’ (physical, cultural, social) – considering architecture as part of a complex system rather than as a free-standing object.

At dRMM Viola has built on her experience both in urban and residential design. After having worked on two masterplan studies for the Olympic Legacy Area fulfilling her interest in urban regeneration and place making, she formed part of the Television Centre Plot E team, focusing on structural and service coordination. More recently, Viola has worked on the design for a high-end residential tower in Camden, part of the Central Somers Town CIP Masterplan. She is currently developing a housing proposal for Newham. In between travels, Viola spends her time exploring the city on her golden bike, mapping her discoveries in her trusted sketchbook.

Bio

Vivienne is a strategic and creative marketer with 6 years management experience and a background in architecture and the arts. Prior to dRMM, she worked with a leading property, design and research company in Auckland. She has a wide skill set; from the creation and execution of strategic plans to budgeting and reporting. The intricacies of marketing as a lifelong professional craft fascinate her; she is particularly interested in ethical and purposeful, brand and content trends.

Vivienne is an Affiliate of the UK Chartered Institute of Marketing and holds a Postgraduate Certificate in Marketing Management, she also holds a Bachelor of Design from Unitec, New Zealand. She is a practicing artist and has 2 years’ experience as an arts journalist. When she’s not creating meaningful content or enhancing brand material, she can be found researching new movements within her arts practice, attending interesting community events, or exploring landscapes by bicycle.

Bio

As a Project Architect at dRMM, Will has worked on a number of high profile residential, commercial and educational projects. He is currently involved with the detailed design of the Television Centre Plot E and the development of Sky’s Osterley campus.

Will studied at the University of Huddersfield and Kingston University, his thesis was an analysis of industrial ruins; developing strategies for architectural interventions within derelict spaces.

In practice, he has a range of experience in user engagement, technical design coordination and developing the production of information at various project stages. In previous practice, he gained experience working with leading higher education clients on complex teaching, research and laboratory buildings.

Outside of work, Will enjoys travel, acoustic guitar, and developing his culinary skills.

Bio

Yang is an Architectural Assistant at dRMM. She graduated from Newcastle University in 2014 with a Masters degree in Architecture. For her final thesis project, she developed a building typology that encourages new relationships between people and nourishment. Her previous experience includes 2 years in working in Shanghai on cultural, interior and collaborative architecture and art projects.

At dRMM, Yang is working on the detailed design of Wick Lane; a Hackney Wick development which sympathetically blends residential led mixed use, creative workspace and public space. During her free time, she enjoys hiking in the English countryside, as well as knitting, and cooking Chinese delicacies.

Bio

Thank you for your interest in dRMM

We currently have no architectural vacancies at the studio.  However, should you wish to send a speculative application by email, we keep them on file for a month and review if a vacancy arises during that time.

Please include an indication of whether you are applying for a Part I, Part II or Part III position in the covering e-mail’s subject line, and send the email to jobs@drmm.co.uk, for the attention of HR.

A digital portfolio (PDF, 4MB maximum) along with a covering letter is preferred.

Thanks again,
dRMM

Bio

Graphic Designer at dRMM Architects

We are seeking a talented graphic designer to join our team on a full-time basis. This is an excellent opportunity for a candidate with a great eye and a passion for graphic design to join a friendly, creative studio. We are an international team working on a diverse and exciting range of projects.

The successful candidate will be able to adopt and develop our house style as well as providing graphic design support for marketing and projects.

Responsibilities of the role include but are not limited to:

• Thinking creatively to produce new ideas and concepts
• using innovation to redefine a design brief within the constraints of cost and time
• production of graphic design materials for presentations, web content, publications and exhibitions
• providing graphic design assistance for templates, marketing material, bid documents, portfolios and CVs
• providing graphic design guidance and assistance to project teams in relation to production of key documents and diagrams
• controlling the graphic quality of all communications materials including print and digital
• graphic design for architectural projects (wayfinding, input into colour selection, typeface selection, brand identity for developments)
• communicating with project team on how to use templates

The studio is looking for a candidate who has:

• An exceptional eye for graphic design, composition and colour
• fluency with Adobe CS, particularly InDesign
• ability to manage time effectively
• strong communication skills

Salary band 3 – 4 (£24K – £36K) according to experience.

We are an equal opportunities employer. The applicant shall hold all relevant permits to work in the UK.

To apply please submit your CV, portfolio and a cover letter detailing your suitability to the role and availability. Applications should be made by email to jobs@drmm.co.uk (max. file size 5MB) for the attention of HR, quoting ref: GraDes1705 in the subject title.

Please note we are only able to respond to successful applicants and will not discuss submissions over the telephone.